{"id":3634,"date":"2021-05-01T10:02:16","date_gmt":"2021-05-01T06:32:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/?p=3634"},"modified":"2021-05-02T09:45:47","modified_gmt":"2021-05-02T06:15:47","slug":"%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b1-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b1-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link 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href=\"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b1-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa\/#%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\" >\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b1-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa\/#%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\" >\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 1920 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Hermann Staudinger \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 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id=\"%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li>\u062e\u0637\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u06cc<\/li><li>\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc<\/li><li>\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632\u06cc(\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc) \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 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\u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0627\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u062e\u0634 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"355\" src=\"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-3635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-27.png 624w, https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-27-400x228.png 400w, https:\/\/mokarrargroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-27-367x209.png 367w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u0627\u0632 \u0648 &#8230; \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0686\u0627\u067e\u060c \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0632\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u0645\u0648\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0648\u0645\u0648\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f<\/td><td>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/td><td>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631<\/td><td>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/td><td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0646\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CH<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0645 (LDPE)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/td><td>\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CH<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (HDPE)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 LDPE(\u060c\u0645\u0648\u06a9\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0632\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0622\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u06a9:\u0646\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0622\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u06a9: \u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645<\/td><td>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0644\u0646 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CHCH<sub>3<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013[CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH(CH<sub>3<\/sub>)]<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0644\u0646<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0641\u067e\u0648\u0634<\/td><td>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645<\/td><td>\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CHCl<\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CHCl)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f (PVC)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0627<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/td><td>\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CCl<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CCl<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062a<\/td><td>\u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0646 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CHC<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013[CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH(C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>)]<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0646 (PS)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0641\u0631\u0634\u060c \u067e\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633<\/td><td>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc &nbsp;<\/td><td>\u0622\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CHCN<\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CHCN)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asp-co.org\/blog\/180-polyacrylonitrile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a> \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0644 PAN &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0686\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u060c \u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0641<\/td><td>\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0648&nbsp;<em>\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646<\/em> CF<sub>2<\/sub>=CF<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td><br>\u2013(CF<sub>2<\/sub>-CF<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td><em>\u067e\u064f\u0644\u06cc<\/em>&nbsp;\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0648&nbsp;<em>\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644\u0646<\/em>&nbsp; PTFE- \u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0642\u0641\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/td><td><em>\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/em><em><\/em> CH<sub>2<\/sub>=C(CH<sub>3<\/sub>)CO<sub>2<\/sub>CH<sub>3<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013[CH<sub>2<\/sub>-C(CH<sub>3<\/sub>)CO<sub>2<\/sub>CH<sub>3<\/sub>]<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td><em>\u067e\u0644\u06cc<\/em> <em>\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/em> \u2013 \u067e\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0644\u0627\u0633 PMMA<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u062a\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0686\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0627<\/td><td>\u0646\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0686\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06a9<\/td><td>\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CHOCOCH<sub>3<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013(CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CHOCOCH<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a (PVAc)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f<\/td><td>\u0646\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0686\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06a9<\/td><td>\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CH-C(CH<sub>3<\/sub>)=CH<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013[CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH=C(CH<sub>3<\/sub>)-CH<sub>2<\/sub>]<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td>\u0633\u06cc\u0633- \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u0646<\/td><td>\u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/td><td><em>\u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0631\u0646<\/em><em><\/em> CH<sub>2<\/sub>=CH-CCl=CH<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>\u2013[CH<sub>2<\/sub>-CH=CCl-CH<sub>2<\/sub>]<sub>n<\/sub>\u2013<\/td><td><em>\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0631\u0646<\/em><em><\/em> <em>(\u0633\u06cc\u0633+\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633)<\/em><em><\/em> -\u0646\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0631\u0646<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0627\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u067e\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u067e\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0698\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u0686\u0631\u0648\u06a9 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0644\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u067e\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0644\u0626\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f (PNA) \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc DNA \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc 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\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0646\u06af\u060c \u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0634 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u0639\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f (<\/strong>Acrylic acid<strong>)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f 2-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0646\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc C<sub>3<\/sub>H<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><sub> <\/sub>\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0646\u06af\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<sub> <\/sub>\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0644\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0648 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f (<\/strong>Methacrylic acid<strong>)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc &nbsp;C<sub>4<\/sub>H<sub>6<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u063a\u0644\u06cc\u0638\u060c \u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f&nbsp;\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a&nbsp;\u0648 \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc&nbsp; \u067e\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647: \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0631\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dow.com\/en-us\/product-technology\/pt-monomers.html\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\" class=\"rank-math-link\">dow.com<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.solventis.net\/products\/acrylates\/butyl-acrylate\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\" class=\"rank-math-link\">solventis.net<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.chemistry.msu.edu\/faculty\/reusch\/virttxtjml\/polymers.htm\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\" class=\"rank-math-link\">chemistry.msu.edu<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 1920 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Hermann Staudinger \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644 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